Feminist writers, largely gaining prominence in the 1960s during second wave feminism, began criticizing theWestern canon for providing and promoting an exclusively white male world view.[2] These feminists typically perceive gender as a social construct which is not only reflected in artistic work but perpetuated by it.[3] Until fairly recently, feminists have mainly directed their studies to gender representations in literature.[3]
Numbers of women in media professions, such as journalism, is growing; however, the media is and has been statistically dominated by men, who hold the vast majority of power positions.[4] Studies show that men are more likely to be quoted than women in the media, and more likely to cover"serious" topics.[5] The Bechdel test, originally created to evaluate popular fiction's representation of women and subsequently adapted to employment in the media professions, show that a number of women are employed but do not benefit from an equal voice. For example, women's presence on radio is typically hired to cover topics such as weather and culture.
In the video game industry about half of the gamers are women but their presence is still limited in the production of games. Those who tried to publicly challenge this situation, such as A. Sarkeesian, have been subjected to harassment.[6] In cinema there is concern about the low number of female directors and the difficulties of older actresses to find roles.[7][8] They also earn 2.5 times less income than men in the same jobs.[9]
index
History[edit]
歴史
Gender disparity in media careers[edit]
メディア業界におけるジェンダー間の不平等